Badge: An eagle’s leg grasping a sword
Motto: 'Par Nobile Fratrum' – 'A Noble Pair of Brothers', symbolising the close association with the Army Airborne Forces
HISTORY
Squadron
Code Letters 'L5' & 'P5'.
On 15 December 1941 was formed, at Ringway, the Parachute Exercise Squadron.
On 22 December 1941, the Parachute Exercise Squadron moved to Netheravon where,
on 22 January 1942, it was redesignated No.297 Squadron.
No.297 Squadron began to receive Whitleys in February for training paratroops
and leaflet–dropping flights began in October 1942.
In July 1943 Albemarles were received to supplement the Whitleys.
By February 1944 the Squadron was completely equipped with Albemarles and
these planes flew supply-dropping flights to resistance forces in France until
'D-Day'.
June 1944:
At the start of this month, No.297 Squadron prepared for 'D-Day', Operation
'OVERLORD' at RAF Brize Norton along with No.296
Squadron.
First Operation of 'OVERLORD' for No.297 Squadron was 'TONGA'. It was divided
in 3 Phases. 24 Albemarles instead of 25 (V1778's Glider went u/s and had
to be released at base) flew this Operation where they had to take airborne
troops of 6th Airborne Division, to Normandy before the landings.
Phase I, 4 pathfinder aircraft took off, plus 3 aircraft of No.296 Squadron.
The very first No.297 Squadron aircraft, P1383 piloted by Warrant Officer
Rickards (with on board a stick of 22nd Independent Para Coy) took off at
23:00 on 05 June 1944, plus one aircraft of No.296 Squadron at the same time.
The 3 other No.297 Squadron aircraft carried each a stick of 10 men of the
5th Parachute Brigade who had to support the Pathfinders and to reinforce
Major Howard’s company (see also No.298
Squadron History).
Phase II, 9 aircraft, plus 10 of No.296 Squadron (but 2 of No.296 went u/s),
took off from 23:43 on 05 June (the first Albemarle of No.297 at 23:45). One
of these Albemarles of No.297 Squadron was V1812 piloted by Squadron Leader
Emblem (his last mission with the same crew can be read in Muneville
part of the Site). On board was the main paratroops force of the 5th Parachute
Brigade who had to drop on DZ 'N', near the East bank of the River Orne and
to reinforce the men dropped on Phase I.
Phase III, 8 Albemarles instead of 9 (V1778's Glider was u/s) followed from
01:10 on 06 June, plus 8 of No.296 Squadron, with the main glider force to
be cast off near the DZ N. In these Gliders towed by No.297 were 5 Gliders
with troops of 5th Parachute Brigade and 2 Gliders with Royal Engineers (V1778’s
Glider should also have carried Royal Engineers).
But Phase III was not finished: 3 more Albemarles took off from 02:30 with
reinforcements (troops of A Coy, 9th Parachute Battalion and explosives) for
troops attacking coastal batteries.
Second Operation for No.297 Squadron during Overlord was 'MALLARD' (the delivery
by Glider of the remainder of the 6th Airborne Division before dusk): 20 Albemarles
towing Gliders took off from 18:48 on 06 June 1944, plus 19 Albemarles of No.296
Squadron. Sadly the Albemarle piloted by Flying Officer Long never returned.
Immediately after 'D-Day', supply-dropping flights to resistance forces went
on. By example, in the night from 07 to 08 June 1944, Warrant Officer Rickards
(Albemarle P1383) and Flight Lieutenant Thomson (Albemarle V1841) flew a ‘Cooney
Party’, along with different Squadrons of No.38 Group. (A 'Cooney Party'
was the drop of SAS teams in occupied territories to commit acts of sabotage
on Railways and telephone).
On 15 September 1944, No.297 moved to Manston. It was necessary due to the
limited range of Albemarles in project of Operations 'MARKET'.
On 17 September, for Operation MARKET I, 28 Albemarles (2 Albemarles were
from Hampstead Norris ORTU) took off from 10:40, 26 with Horsa Gliders and
2 with Waco Gliders, to the landing zones 5 miles East-North-East of Arnhem.
This was followed next day for Market II, by 24 more without loss (Read also
on this Site, Albemarles
at Arnhem by Kenneth FRERE, Pilot of No.296 Squadron).
On 19 September, No.297 returned to Brize Norton to go on its secret flights
over occupied Europe and these secret flights were flown until the end of
the war.
In October 1944, No.297 Squadron converted to Halifaxes and supplied 30 of
these for the airborne part of the 'Rhine' crossing, Operation 'VARSITY' on
24 March 1945 to the Landing Zone 'P'. The 30 Halifax/Horsa combinations released
over target.
After the end of the war, trooping
flights to the continent began.
No.297 Squadron was disbanded on 1 April 1946 at Earls
Colne…and reformed the same
day! (No.295 Squadron was renumbered No.297 Squadron at Tarrant Rushton).
No. 297 Squadron was one of the four Squadrons 'with short history' selected
for preservation on the grounds after the war (priority had been given to
Squadrons formed in 1910s and 1920s). Numerous Squadrons had disappeared in
1946.
No.297 Squadron was preserved because it was the first Airborne Forces Squadron.
(*)
From 11 November 1948 to 6 October 1949, No. 297 Squadron detached crews that
had converted to the Hastings to Schleswigland Germany, as part of the force
engaged in the Berlin Airlift – Operation 'PLAINFARE' (combination of
operations 'KNICKER', supply of the military garrison and 'CARTER-PATERSON',
sustaining of the civilian population of the city). The Squadron concentrated
on delivering coal to the blockaded city until October 1949. On return flights
from Berlin, No. 297 brought back manufactured goods from Berlin factories.
In UK, No.297 Squadron continued as an airborne forces unit until it was disbanded
on 15 November 1950, most of the crews being transferred to No.24 Squadron
at Lyneham.
(*) The three other Squadrons preserved were No.120 Squadron because it was
the first Very Long Range General Reconnaissance Squadron (and not, as it
is sometimes stated, because it had sunk the greatest number of U-boats – although this was the case), No.511 Squadron because it was the first Long
Range Squadron Transport Squadron and No.617 Squadron in view of its operational
record.
Commanding Officers:
22 January 1942 Wing Commander B.A. OAKLEY
27 April 1942 Wing Commander R.B. WARDMAN AFC
01 February 1943 Wing Commander G.F.K. DONALDSON DFC, AFC, DFC(US)
13 August 1943 Wing Commander N.B. HALLMARK DFC, AFC (pending arrival of Wing Commander KITLEY)
31 August 1943 Wing Commander R.W.G. KITLEY
04 November 1943 Squadron Leader P.B.N. DAVIS DSO (subsequent Wing Commander, KiA as O.C. No.299 Squadron during Operation 'MARKET III' on 19 September 1944)
29 December 1943 Wing Commander J.G. MINIFIE
14 September 1944 Wing Commander J.R. GRICE
04 December 1944 Wing Commander E.G. DEAN DFC
Date / Base / Aircraft
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